Lahore flourished as one of the most important cities of the Mughal Empire, and under emperors Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb it acquired some of the finest examples of Mughal architecture anywhere, earning it the nickname «the Garden of the Mughals».

That era is embodied in the Lahore Fort and Shalimar Gardens, together a UNESCO World Heritage Site, alongside the Badshahi Mosque, built by Aurangzeb in 1673 and, for decades, the largest mosque in the world.