The International Civil Defence Organisation (ICDO), based in Geneva, marks World Civil Defence Day every March 1. The date commemorates the entry into force of the ICDO's constitution on March 1, 1972, and the day has been formally observed since 1990. The organization itself was founded in 1931 to coordinate national efforts in disaster prevention, response, and the protection of people and property. The day honors the civil defence, firefighting, and rescue personnel who work on the front lines during earthquakes, floods, fires, industrial accidents, and other emergencies, and reminds governments and communities of the value of training, equipment, and advance planning in reducing human and material losses. Each year, under a different theme, member states organize awareness campaigns, field drills, and school competitions to build a stronger culture of prevention and preparedness among individuals and communities alike.