UNESCO proclaimed this observance in 2001, to be marked annually on November 10, affirming science's pivotal role in improving human life and addressing global challenges. Its establishment followed recommendations from the 1999 World Conference on Science held in Budapest, which stressed the need to strengthen the relationship between science and society. The day renews national and international commitment to science for peace and development, highlights scientists' role in fostering understanding among peoples, and encourages dialogue between the scientific community, policymakers, and the public. It also emphasizes the importance of supporting research and innovation to tackle issues like climate change, disease, and poverty. UNESCO member states, research centers, and universities mark the day with public science conferences, interactive exhibitions, and educational activities aimed at bringing science closer to young people and encouraging scientific careers.