Capital of Algeria, nicknamed «Algiers the White» for the whitewashed houses that cascade down toward a picturesque coastal bay.
The name means «the Islands», referring to the small islets that once lay just off the coast before being connected to the mainland during Ottoman rule.
Founded by the Phoenicians as the trading port of «Icosium», the city was rebuilt in the 10th century CE under the name «al-Jaza'ir» — «the Islands» — after the small islets that once lay off its coast, later joined to the mainland by harbour works.
Under Ottoman rule Algiers became a major naval base for the Barbary corsairs. Today the Casbah, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, preserves a maze of narrow alleys and tightly packed white houses cascading down the hillside toward the Mediterranean.
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