Alfajores are among Argentina's most famous sweets, also hugely popular in Uruguay, Chile and Peru. The word's origin traces back to Andalusian-Arab cuisine in Spain, where it referred to sweets filled with honey and almonds, but the modern Argentine version developed quite differently after Spanish immigrants arrived in the 19th century, becoming closely tied to Argentina's famous dulce de leche.

Alfajor cookies are known for their extremely delicate, sandy texture that melts in the mouth, achieved by using a high proportion of cornstarch alongside flour. Two cookies are sandwiched with a generous layer of dulce de leche — the thick caramelized milk sweet famous across Latin America — and the exposed sides are then coated in shredded coconut, or the whole cookie is dipped in dark chocolate.