The observance traces back to 1925, when German animal behaviorist Heinrich Zimmermann organized the first celebration in Berlin. In May 1931, at the International Animal Protection Congress in Florence, Italy, October 4 was adopted as the unified global date for the observance, coinciding with the feast day of St. Francis of Assisi, the traditional patron saint of animals and the environment in Catholic tradition. The day raises awareness of animal welfare, whether pets, wildlife, or animals used in agriculture and research, and calls for humane treatment, protection of endangered species, and a broader culture of respect for living creatures as part of the ecological balance. Animal welfare organizations, zoos, and schools worldwide take part through adoption drives, free vaccination campaigns, and educational activities that teach children the importance of caring for animals and respecting their rights.